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什(shen)么是(shi)HYDAC賀(he)德克(ke)壓力繼電器
壓(ya)(ya)力繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)是(shi)利用液(ye)體的壓(ya)(ya)力來啟閉(bi)電(dian)氣(qi)觸點的液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)氣(qi)轉換元(yuan)件。當系(xi)統壓(ya)(ya)力達到(dao)壓(ya)(ya)力繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的調(diao)定值(zhi)時(shi)，發出電(dian)信號，使(shi)電(dian)氣(qi)元(yuan)件（如(ru)電(dian)磁鐵、電(dian)機、時(shi)間繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)、電(dian)磁離合器(qi)等）動(dong)作(zuo)，使(shi)油路卸壓(ya)(ya)、換向，執行元(yuan)件實現順序動(dong)作(zuo)，或關閉(bi)電(dian)動(dong)機使(shi)系(xi)統停止工作(zuo)，起(qi)安全保(bao)護作(zuo)用等。
壓(ya)(ya)力繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器有柱(zhu)塞式(shi)(shi)(shi)、膜片式(shi)(shi)(shi)、彈簧管式(shi)(shi)(shi)和波紋(wen)管式(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)種結構形(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。下面對柱(zhu)塞式(shi)(shi)(shi)壓(ya)(ya)力繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器（見圖）的工作(zuo)(zuo)原理(li)作(zuo)(zuo)一介紹：
當從繼電器(qi)下端(duan)進油口3進入的液(ye)體(ti)壓力(li)達到調(diao)定(ding)壓力(li)值時，推動(dong)(dong)(dong)柱塞2上移(yi)，此位移(yi)通過杠(gang)桿放大后推動(dong)(dong)(dong)微動(dong)(dong)(dong)開關4動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)。改變彈(dan)簧1的壓縮量，可以(yi)調(diao)節繼電器(qi)的動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)壓力(li)。
應用場合(he)：用于安(an)全保(bao)護、控制(zhi)執行元件的順序(xu)動作、用于泵的啟閉、用于泵的卸荷。
注(zhu)意： 壓(ya)力(li)繼電器必須放(fang)在(zai)壓(ya)力(li)有(you)明(ming)顯變(bian)化的地方才能輸(shu)出電信號。若將壓(ya)力(li)繼電器放(fang)在(zai)回(hui)油(you)路(lu)上，由于回(hui)油(you)路(lu)直接接回(hui)油(you)箱，壓(ya)力(li)也(ye)沒(mei)有(you)變(bian)化，所(suo)以壓(ya)力(li)繼電器也(ye)不會工(gong)作。
壓(ya)力繼電器的工(gong)作原理(li)
壓力(li)繼電器的工作(zuo)原理(li)如下：
1、壓(ya)力(li)繼電器主要用于對液(ye)體或(huo)氣體壓(ya)力(li)的高(gao)低進(jin)行檢測并發(fa)出開關量信號，以控制電磁閥、液(ye)壓(ya)泵等設備對壓(ya)力(li)的高(gao)低進(jin)行控制。
2、壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)繼電器主要由壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)傳送裝置(zhi)和微(wei)動(dong)開關等組成，液體或氣體壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)經(jing)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)入口推動(dong)橡皮膜和滑桿，克服(fu)彈簧反力(li)(li)(li)向上(shang)運動(dong)，當壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)達到擬定壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)時，觸動(dong)微(wei)動(dong)開關，發出控制信(xin)號，旋轉調壓(ya)螺母可以改變(bian)擬定壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)。
3、壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)器是利用液體的壓(ya)力(li)(li)來(lai)啟閉電(dian)氣觸點的液壓(ya)電(dian)氣轉換元件。當系統(tong)壓(ya)力(li)(li)達到(dao)壓(ya)力(li)(li)繼(ji)電(dian)器的調定值時(shi)，發出電(dian)信號，使電(dian)氣元件（如電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)鐵、電(dian)機、時(shi)間(jian)繼(ji)電(dian)器、電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)離合器等(deng)）動(dong)作，使油路卸壓(ya)、換向(xiang)，執行元件實現(xian)順序動(dong)作，或關閉電(dian)動(dong)機使系統(tong)停止工作，起安全保護作用等(deng)。
4、當從(cong)繼電器下端進油口3進入的(de)(de)液體壓力達到調(diao)定壓力值時，推動(dong)柱塞2上移(yi)，此位(wei)移(yi)通(tong)過杠桿放大后(hou)推動(dong)微動(dong)開關4動(dong)作。改變彈簧1的(de)(de)壓縮量，可(ke)以(yi)調(diao)節繼電器的(de)(de)動(dong)作壓力。
壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)是使油液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)預定(ding)值時發(fa)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)(hao)的(de)液(ye)—電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)(hao)轉換元件(jian)。當其他油口壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)彈簧的(de)調定(ding)值時，能(neng)自動(dong)(dong)接通(tong)或斷開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁鐵、繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機等(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元件(jian)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)運(yun)轉或斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停(ting)止工作，以實現對液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系統工作程(cheng)序(xu)的(de)控制(zhi)、安(an)全保(bao)護(hu)或動(dong)(dong)作的(de)聯(lian)動(dong)(dong)等(deng)。如圖(tu)所(suo)示(shi)為常用(yong)柱塞(sai)式壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)結構原理圖(tu)。當從壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)下端進油口通(tong)入(ru)的(de)油液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)彈簧2的(de)調定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)值時，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)柱塞(sai)4上移(yi)，通(tong)過杠桿(gan)3推(tui)動(dong)(dong)開(kai)關1動(dong)(dong)作。改(gai)變(bian)彈簧2的(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮量即可調節壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)動(dong)(dong)作壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。圖(tu)中b所(suo)示(shi)為壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)實物圖(tu)，c為壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)圖(tu)形符號(hao)(hao)。
壓力(li)繼(ji)電(dian)器在(zai)制冷系統(tong)中的作用：
在工業制冷(leng)中(zhong)壓力繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器是一種用(yong)壓力信(xin)號來控(kong)(kong)制的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)開關，常作為直(zhi)接控(kong)(kong)制制冷(leng)壓縮機(ji)起(qi)停的(de)(de)保(bao)護和(he)(he)調(diao)節元件或控(kong)(kong)制某些電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥的(de)(de)開閉。在制冷(leng)裝置(zhi)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)壓力繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器，按(an)其壓力控(kong)(kong)制范圍分為低(di)壓繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器和(he)(he)高壓繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器兩類(lei)。也有將這(zhe)兩種繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器組(zu)(zu)裝在一個殼體內，共用(yong)一個電(dian)(dian)(dian)觸頭(tou)的(de)(de)，構成組(zu)(zu)合式(shi)高低(di)壓繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器。
在(zai)制(zhi)冷(leng)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機上往往裝有一個直接控制(zhi)起動電路的低壓(ya)(ya)繼電器，他(ta)以(yi)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機吸(xi)氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)力為動作信號，其功用為：
(1)當(dang)吸(xi)氣(qi)壓力(li)過低(di)時，使壓縮(suo)機自動停車(che)，防止(zhi)空(kong)氣(qi)從管路或軸封處漏入系(xi)統，起低(di)壓保護作用。
在(zai)小型制冷(leng)(leng)裝置中，除(chu)起(qi)(qi)低(di)壓(ya)保(bao)護外，尚可使壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)(ji)按調定(ding)的吸氣壓(ya)力自動(dong)起(qi)(qi)停(ting)，以保(bao)持冷(leng)(leng)庫(ku)溫度穩定(ding)，起(qi)(qi)庫(ku)溫調節作(zuo)用。在(zai)大、中型裝置中，因壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)(ji)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)電(dian)流較大，所以多不(bu)用低(di)壓(ya)繼電(dian)器來自動(dong)起(qi)(qi)動(dong)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)(ji)，因此它僅起(qi)(qi)低(di)壓(ya)保(bao)護作(zuo)用。
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